lorenzo de' medici
Lorenzo de' Medici also known as Lorenzo the Elder was an Italian banker. [20], On Sunday, 26 April 1478, in an incident known as the Pazzi conspiracy, a group headed by Girolamo Riario, Francesco de' Pazzi, and Francesco Salviati (the archbishop of Pisa), attacked Lorenzo and his brother and co-ruler Giuliano in the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in an attempt to seize control of the Florentine government. The Sistine Chapel wouldn’t be what it is without Lorenzo de’ Medici. There was, however, one difference between Lorenzo and titled kings, who are able to live in pomp and ceremony even when their treasury is empty. But Lorenzo’s boldness was crowned with success. Lorenzo hurried to Volterra to make amends, but the incident would remain a dark stain on his record.[27][28]. As one of the wealthiest men in Europe, Cosimo spent a very large portion of his fortune on government and philanthropy, for example as a patron of the arts and financier of public works. [10] Niccolò Machiavelli also wrote of the occasion, perhaps sarcastically, that he won "not by way of favour, but by his own valour and skill in arms". Lorenzo maintained good relations with Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire, as the Florentine maritime trade with the Ottomans was a major source of wealth for the Medici. The city and its clergy rejected the proposal. They ruled Florence and, later, Tuscany in the 15th–18th century and promoted the Italian Renaissance. Love, feasts and light dominate his verse.[29]. Lorenzo’s obsequies were simple, as he had requested; but the presence of the entire population of Florence, sincerely moved by his premature death—he was 43—took on the character of a plebiscite. The archbishop clumsily accosted the Medici gonfalonier, a harsh and suspicious man who immediately had him hanged from a window of the Palazzo Vecchio wearing his episcopal robes. Like his grandfather he practiced patronage of both the arts and learning, much in the very same manner. To be sure, Lorenzo remained a simple citizen, and yet he was called “the Magnificent.” In Italy during this period, this was a title of commonplace obsequiousness used in addressing the great; but it was Lorenzo who raised it to its current high stature. In the field of arts, he notably advanced the careers of Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. Contessina Antonia Romola de' Medici (1478–1515), Lorenzo de' Medici is depicted as a teenager in. It was opened in 1571 in a fine building designed by Michelangelo and still exists as the Biblioteca Laurenziana (though in 1808 it was…. Lorenzo married an Orsini, of the high Roman nobility. This amazed Europe, for he had all the attributes of a true sovereign. [41] In 1531, Lorenzo's nephew Giulio di Giuliano – whom Lorenzo had raised as his own son, and later became Pope Clement VII – formalized Medici rule of Florence by installing Alessandro de' Medici the city's first hereditary duke. Toward the end of his life, Lorenzo opened a school of sculpture in his garden of San Marco. Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, "Medici, Lorenzo de', detto il Magnifico", "Medici Money: Banking, Metaphysics, and Art in Fifteenth-Century Florence", "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement VII", "Alessandro de' Medici (1510–1537) • BlackPast", "Revisiting the renaissance with Assassin's Creed 2", "Who's who in 'Da Vinci's Demons' Season 2", "Daniel Sharman and Bradley James Join Netflix's 'Medici, "The Simpsons (TV Series) A Hunka Hunka Burns in Love (2001) Quotes", "The Mouse that Michelangelo Did Carve in the Medici Chapel: An Oriental Comment to the Famous Article of Erwin Panofsky", Genealogical tables of the House of Medici, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_de%27_Medici&oldid=1021887067, 15th-century people of the Republic of Florence, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Contessina Beatrice de' Medici, died shortly after her birth on 23 September 1474. Lorenzo de’ Medici ruled Florence for over twenty years. Corrections? Spreading Art. The Pazzi conspiracy in 1478 came as a rude shock to a carefree city. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The Signoria and councils of Florence issued a decree: Whereas the foremost man of all this city, the lately deceased Lorenzo de' Medici, did, during his whole life, neglect no opportunity of protecting, increasing, adorning and raising this city, but was always ready with counsel, authority and painstaking, in thought and deed; shrank from neither trouble nor danger for the good of the state and its freedom..... it has seemed good to the Senate and people of Florence.... to establish a public testimonial of gratitude to the memory of such a man, in order that virtue might not be unhonoured among Florentines, and that, in days to come, other citizens may be incited to serve the commonwealth with might and wisdom. His poetry…, …it passed to his son Lorenzo, then only 20 years old. After the latter's assassination, the crowd stood by the Medici and tore the assassins limb from limb. This article was most recently revised and updated by, “Magnificent” ruler and patron of the arts, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lorenzo-de-Medici, HyperHistory - Biography of Lorenzo di Medici. Jul 21, 2017 - ahhh! 19 talking about this. The rumour that Savonarola damned Lorenzo on his deathbed has been refuted in Roberto Ridolfi's book Vita di Girolamo Savonarola. [2][3][4] Also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent (Lorenzo il Magnifico [loˈrɛntso il maɲˈɲiːfiko]) by contemporary Florentines, he was a magnate, diplomat, politician and patron of scholars, artists, and poets. An example includes the commission of Ghirlandaio, Botticelli, Pietro Perugino and Cosimo Rosselli from Rome to paint murals in the Sistine Chapel, a move that has been interpreted as sealing the alliance between Lorenzo and Pope Sixtus IV.[30]. André Chastel, Art et Humanisme à Florence au temps de Laurent le Magnifique (Paris, 1959). Deutsche Seite. Through his leadership, the Florentine made the Medicis more prestigious and influential. He held the balance of power within the Ita… Januar 1449 in Florenz; 8. Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici, detto Lorenzo il Magnifico (Firenze, 1º gennaio 1449 – Careggi, 8 aprile 1492), fu signore di Firenze dal 1469 alla morte, il terzo della dinastia dei Medici. According to the historian Francesco Guicciardini’s apt definition, Lorenzo’s regime was “that of a benevolent tyrant in a constitutional republic.” It was, moreover, a tyranny tempered by the festivals that Florentines always loved passionately: carnivals, balls, tournaments, weddings, and princely receptions. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Janet Ross. A key commodity in the glassmaking, tanning and textile industries, alum was available from only a few sources under the control of the Ottomans and monopolized by Genoa before the discovery of alum sources in Italy at Tolfa. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. His sonnets show Petrarch’s influence but transformed with his own genius. He had a flat nose, a nasal high-pitched voice and didn’t look the … Sophia's guiding light, best friend and possibly much much more!. Lorenzo de’ Medici, also known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, was an Italian politician, statesman, diplomat, banker and de facto ruler of the Republic of Florence. #IMedici Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/marti490_youtube/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/Marti490 Giuliano was killed, brutally stabbed to death, but Lorenzo escaped with only a minor wound to the neck, having been defended by the poet Poliziano. [14], Lorenzo was described as rather plain of appearance and of average height, having a broad frame and short legs, dark hair and eyes, a squashed nose, short-sighted eyes and a harsh voice. From then on he was considered the Wise, “the needle on the Italian scales.” He did not take advantage of his position by imitating the Sforza and making himself a duke. lorenzo de medici 1.6M views Discover short videos related to lorenzo de medici on TikTok. [40], Lorenzo's heir was his eldest son, Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, known as "Piero the Unfortunate". [37] Many signs and portents were claimed to have taken place at the moment of his death, including the dome of Florence Cathedral being struck by lightning, ghosts appearing, and the lions kept at Via Leone fighting one another.[38]. pagina dedicada a série medici e o período renascentista Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Watch popular content from the following creators: SERI∆LOM∆N ☑️(@dark8ness_), sistersstcloud(@sistersstcloud), daily dose of serotonin(@anastiktoriya), tv series edits(@best.series.edits), the vampire diares(@chiaruz.zz) . [21] Shockingly, Salviati acted with the blessing of his patron Pope Sixtus IV. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. But the recurrent accusation that the Medici bank was kept solvent at the expense of the public treasury is not borne out by the facts. In addition, economic conditions were deteriorating. Known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, the Florentine statesman and arts patron is considered the most brilliant of the Medici. He held the balance of power within the Italic League, an alliance of states that stabilized political conditions on the Italian peninsula for decades, and his life coincided with the mature phase of the Italian Renaissance and the Golden Age of Florence. [5] On the foreign policy front, Lorenzo manifested a clear plan to stem the territorial ambitions of Pope Sixtus IV, in the name of the balance of the Italian League of 1454. In saying this, he was, however, keeping up appearances. Toward the end of Lorenzo's life, Florence came under the influence of Savonarola, who believed Christians had strayed too far into Greco-Roman culture. See more ideas about lorenzo de' medici, renaissance, italian renaissance. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). His tombstone passes almost unnoticed at the side of the monuments erected by Michelangelo to Giuliano, one of his sons, and to his grandson Lorenzo, both very insignificant persons. He himself contributed more than anyone to the flowering of Florentine genius during the second half of the 15th century. While on his deathbed, he was visited by Girolamo Savonarola, a Christian preacher and reformer who would overthrow Medici rule in Florence two years later. Lorenzo's court included artists such as Piero and Antonio del Pollaiuolo, Andrea del Verrocchio, Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Botticelli, Domenico Ghirlandaio and Michelangelo Buonarroti, who were instrumental in achieving the 15th-century Renaissance. Lorenzo played a role in bringing Savonarola to Florence. Letters written by witnesses to Lorenzo's death report that he died peacefully after listening to the Gospel of the day. The Pazzi bank, in the course of a treacherous war in which the adversaries did not scruple to use the most devious methods, had taken the business affairs of the papacy away from the Medici. Already drained by his grandfather's building projects and constantly stressed by mismanagement, wars, and political expenses, the assets of the Medici Bank reduced seriously during the course of Lorenzo's lifetime. His daughter Maddalena was married to a son of Pope Innocent VIII (born before his father’s entry into religious orders), and his eldest son, Piero, married another Orsini. He contented himself with creating a Council of Seventy that he hoped would be even more manageable than the old Cento (Hundred). Clarice and Lorenzo had 10 children, all except Contessina Antonia born in Florence: Lorenzo adopted his nephew Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici (1478–1534), the illegitimate son of his slain brother Giuliano. Lorenzo was one of five children born to Piero di Cosimo de’ Medici and his wife, Lucrezia (nee Tournabuoni). Istituto Lorenzo de’ Medici (LdM) is one of the most distinctive and well-established study abroad institutions in Italy.LdM prides itself on offering academic and professionally-oriented courses designed to foster a variety of study abroad programs, as well as … Thus, step by step, the Medici were approaching the status that they continued to refuse. New competitors were appearing in Europe, and the branches in London, Brugge, and Lyon became insolvent. In 1471, Lorenzo calculated that his family had spent some 663,000 florins (about US$460 million today) on charity, buildings and taxes since 1434. There a 15-year-old pupil attracted his attention and was brought up in the palace like a son of the family; it was Michelangelo. Lorenzo later earned fame as “the Magnificent” (a title given to anyone of prominence at the time), partly as a tribute to the charm of his personality, partly by a careful projection of his own image, and partly through…, The rich library of Lorenzo the Magnificent, grandson of Cosimo and an even greater patron of learning and the arts, also became a public library. She was a daughter of Giacomo Orsini, Lord of Monterotondo and Bracciano by his wife and cousin Maddalena Orsini. [36] Savonarola visited Lorenzo on his deathbed. His second son, Giovanni, who became Pope Leo X, retook the city in 1512 with the aid of a Spanish army. Suspiciously, that is also the year the Borgias rose to power in Rome. Thus began an insurrection and secession from Florence, which involved putting to death several opposing citizens. As a patron, he is best known for his sponsorship of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo. 14 August 2016. Luisa Contessina Romola di Lorenzo de' Medici ( Florence , 1477 – May 1488), [18] also called Luigia , was betrothed to Giovanni de' Medici il … … Giuliano, on the other hand, was regarded as handsome and a "golden boy", and was used as a model by Botticelli in his painting of Mars and Venus. Lorenzo de’ Medici, byname Lorenzo the Magnificent, Italian Lorenzo il Magnifico, (born January 1, 1449, Florence [Italy]—died April 9, 1492, Careggi, near Florence), Florentine statesman, ruler, and patron of arts and letters, the most brilliant of the Medici. [39], Lorenzo was buried with his brother Giuliano in the Church of San Lorenzo in the red porphyry sarcophagus designed for Piero and Giovanni de' Medici, not, as might be expected, in the New Sacristy, designed by Michelangelo. [9] With his brother Giuliano, he participated in jousting, hawking, hunting, and horse breeding for the Palio, a horse race in Siena. In declining health for some three years, Lorenzo died on April 9, 1492, at age 43. In 1471 the popular assemblies lost their financial powers. "Florentine Palaces & Their Stories". Lorenzo de’ Medici. Lorenzo de' Medici Accession to power. His preference for the Tuscan dialect over Latin was remarkable for this time. See more ideas about lorenzo de' medici, florence, italian renaissance. He was also respected as a poet of great talent. Six months later Christopher Columbus was to reach the New World. This was partially his own fault for, with the Medici, the aptitude for business diminished as the thirst for power increased. [6] Lorenzo's father, Piero di Cosimo de' Medici, was equally at the centre of Florentine civic life, chiefly as an art patron and collector, while Lorenzo's uncle, Giovanni di Cosimo de' Medici, took care of the family's business interests. In 1559, the bodies of Lorenzo de' Medici ("the Magnificent") and his brother Giuliano were interred in the New Sacristy in an unmarked tomb beneath Michelangelo's statue of the Madonna. Lorenzo the prince of Florence! The family’s patronage of artists, architects, and writers also imposed a considerable burden upon its resources. On the recommendation of Pico della Mirandola, Lorenzo permitted the Dominican monk Girolamo Savonarola to preach at San Marco in 1490. Lorenzo de' Medici is best known as a World Leader. Apart from a personal interest, Lorenzo also used the Florentine milieu of fine arts for his diplomatic efforts. Piero was at the center of Florence’s politics scene and was an art collector, while Lucrezia was a poet in her own right and befriended many philosophers and fellow poets of the era. Lorenzo the Magnificent died at the very moment when a new historical era was beginning. Lorenzo de Medici (genannt il Magnifico der Prächtige; * 1. [26] When they realized the value of the alum mine, the people of Volterra wanted its revenues for their municipal funds rather than having it enter the pockets of their Florentine backers. In 1469, aged 20, he won first prize in a jousting tournament sponsored by the Medici. Lorenzo thereupon went, alone, to Naples. Giuliano was indeed killed in front of the altar, but Lorenzo succeeded in taking refuge in a sacristy. That success enabled Lorenzo to secure constitutional changes within the government of the Florentine Republic that further enhanced his own power. Born in 1449, Lorenzo de' Medici was born to Lucrezia Tornabuoni and Piero de' Medici (aka Piero the Gouty). Lorenzo de’ Medici died in 1492. Lorenzo de' Medici (January 1, 1449 - April 8, 1492) was born into the Medici family in 1449. Being an apple of everyone's eye Lorenzo always received the best care and attention from his grandfather Cosimo de' Medici and also learned a great deal of political affairs from him in a much early age. He continued collecting ancient texts, and in his villas in Careggi, Fiesole, and Poggio a Caiano he assembled what is called the Platonic Academy but was more like a circle of good friends: his teacher Marsilio Ficino, the humanist Pico della Mirandola, and the man who was always closest to his heart, Politian (Angelo Poliziano), the poet, who had saved his life on the day of the Pazzi conspiracy. Known as Lorenzo the Magnificent (Lorenzo il Magnifico) by contemporary Florentines, he was a diplomat, politician, and patron of scholars, artists, and poets. In his poetry, he celebrates life while acknowledging with melancholy the fragility and instability of the human condition, particularly in his later works. [42], Italian statesman and de facto dictator of the Florentine Republic, Paintings by Botticelli that use the Medici family as models. The Florentines, who had grown weary of festivities, listened to his appeals for asceticism and to his terrifying prophecies, among which was the imminent death of the “tyrant.” But it was easy for him to be thus prophetic, for Lorenzo’s health had been declining for three years, and the secret had not been well kept. Lorenzo de' Medici was born on January 1, 1449 in Italy. Lorenzo de' Medici appears as a supporting character to the protagonist, Lorenzo de' Medici is referenced in the 2001 episode of. He was buried in San Lorenzo, where the grandiose tomb that his son Giovanni, who later became Pope Leo X, had planned was never executed. In 1494, he squandered his father's patrimony and brought down the Medici dynasty in Florence. Lorenzo’s reputation did not rest on lavish hospitality alone. [40] According to Williamson and others, the statues of the lesser Lorenzo and Giuliano were carved by Michelangelo to incorporate the essence of the famous men. Omissions? Michelangelo lived with Lorenzo and his family for three years, dining at the family table and participating in discussions led by Marsilio Ficino. Ascending to power after the death of his father, he became the sole unchallenged ruler of Florence during its most prosperous years. As its lord, Lorenzo overcame threats to his position and emerged even stronger. Lorenzo … Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici was an Italian statesman, banker, de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic and the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of Renaissance culture in Italy. Lorenzo could not do so, and the stream of florins that fed his munificence was becoming less abundant. He is the son of Piero de’ Medici.. Alum had been discovered by local citizens of Volterra, who turned to Florence to get backing to exploit this important natural resource. [23] When these moves had little effect, Sixtus formed a military alliance with King Ferdinand I of Naples, whose son, Alfonso, Duke of Calabria, led an invasion of the Florentine Republic, still ruled by Lorenzo. Lorenzo's mother, Lucrezia Tornabuoni, was a writer of sonnets and a friend to poets and philosophers of the Medici Academy. April 1492 in Careggi) war Lorenzo de' Medici is the son of Piero and Teresa de' Medici, born into the most powerful and wealthy banking family in Italy. Lorenzo I. Medicejský (italsky Lorenzo de' Medici či Lorenzo di Piero de' Medici) řečený il Magnifico, Nádherný (1. ledna 1449 – 8. dubna 1492), byl italský politik, který řídil Florentskou republiku jako třetí z rodu Medicejů.Byl také mecenáš umění, básník, humanista a bankéř. The Pazzi conspiracy in 1478 came as a rude shock to a carefree city. Sixtus IV, his nephew Riario, and Francesco Salviati, the archbishop of Pisa, supported the Pazzi and in the end formed a conspiracy with them. [11] He carried a banner painted by Verrocchio, and his horse was named Morello di Vento. Lorenzo married Clarice Orsini by proxy on 7 February 1469. You can watch Showtime’s The Borgias , … During Lorenzo's tenure, several branches of the family bank collapsed because of bad loans, and in later years he got into financial difficulties and resorted to misappropriating trust and state funds. Lorenzo de' Medici (n.1 ianuarie 1449 - d. 9 aprilie 1492) a fost un politician italian și conducător al Republicii Florentine în timpul Renașterii italiene.Cunoscut și sub numele de Lorenzo Magnificul (Lorenzo il Magnifico) de către florentinii contemporani, a fost diplomat, politician și un cunoscut îndrumător al savanților, artiștilor și poeților. His new villa, at Poggio a Caiano, had all the majesty of a royal residence. [17], Lorenzo, like his grandfather, father, and son, ruled Florence indirectly through surrogates in the city councils by means of payoffs and strategic marriages. [25], Efforts to acquire revenue from the mining of alum in Tuscany unfortunately marred Lorenzo's reputation. Equally rare was his custom of treating artists with “the affectionate and warm-hearted familiarity that allows a protégé to stand erect at the side of his protector, as man to man.” The artists under his protection included Giuliano da Sangallo, Sandro Botticelli, Andrea del Verrocchio, and Verrocchio’s pupil Leonardo da Vinci. Piero died on Dec. 5, 1469, and 2 days later the 20-year-old Lorenzo was asked by Lorenzo de' Medici … The latter holds the two monumental tombs of Lorenzo and Giuliano's less known namesakes: Lorenzo, Duke of Urbino, and Giuliano, Duke of Nemours. First the Roman Curia in 1462, and then Lorenzo and the Medici Bank less than a year later, got involved in backing the mining operation, with the pope taking a two-ducat commission for each cantar quintal of alum retrieved and ensuring a monopoly against the Turkish-derived goods by prohibiting trade in alum with infidels. The crowd stood by the Medici, seized the conspirators, and tore them limb from limb. He wrote, "I do not regret this for though many would consider it better to have a part of that sum in their purse, I consider it to have been a great honour to our state, and I think the money was well-expended and I am well-pleased."[31]. Lorenzo de' Medici (1 January 1449 – 9 April 1492) was an Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance.He was called Lorenzo the Magnificent (Lorenzo il Magnifico) by Florentines.He was a diplomat, politician and patron of scholars, artists, and poets.He is probably best known for what he gave to the world of art. "[16], Lorenzo, groomed for power, assumed a leading role in the state upon the death of his father in 1469, when he was 20. Lorenzo's agents retrieved from the East large numbers of classical works, and he employed a large workshop to copy his books and disseminate their content across Europe. 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Leo X, retook the city in 1512 with the blessing of his father 's patrimony brought! Emerged even stronger to a carefree city mercenaries to suppress the revolt by force, and the branches in,! Both the arts and learning, much to his displeasure Lorenzo succeeded in taking in... Lord, Lorenzo also used the Florentine made the Medicis more prestigious and influential for... Discovered by local citizens of Volterra, who turned to Florence Greek philosophers and attempted to merge ideas...
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