missouri amendment 3, 2020

If approved, the amendment would overturn the Clean Missouri amendment that was … [40] Under Amendment 3, it calls for counting people by “one person, one vote.”. This allowed Callahan's order to stand in advance of the November 6, 2018, election. [4] font-weight:bold; There are a number of people and issues on the ballot. Broadly speaking, a vote in favor of Amendment 3 would do three primary things: ▪ Prohibit legislators and their employees from receiving any gifts from paid lobbyists; ▪ Reduce maximum campaign contributions to Missouri senators from $2,500 to $2,400; ▪ Change who is involved in redistricting and the priorities used to determine how districts are drawn. If approved by voters next month, it would eliminate the demographer position and put concerns about competitive … The report estimated that 1.5 million Missourians would not be considered in the count used for redistricting under Amendment 3. The lawsuit asked the Cole County circuit judge to rewrite the ballot title or order the General Assembly to do so. It is not uncommon for reports to be filed late for a given campaign finance deadline. Russell wrote, "Because the affidavit requirement of sections 115.427.2(1) and 115.427.3 is misleading and contradictory, the circuit court’s judgment declaring the affidavit requirement unconstitutional is affirmed. The state demographer was to be selected from a pool of applicants, with the state auditor, state Senate majority leader, and state Senate minority leader involved in the selection process. } Ballot measure laws | Amendment 3 is about reversing and reducing Clean Missouri’s changes. Immigration | It was a difference of almost 59,000 votes out of nearly 2.9 million cast on the amendment. Missouri does not practice automatic voter registration. Federal courts | Their ballot measure, Amendment 3, was approved by voters on Nov. 3 by a vote of 51% to 49%. [15][16] The Missouri State Legislature voted to repeal Proposition A in 2008. Connect to the campaign November 2020 Fair Missouri, a political action committee, supports Amendment 3. The $2,000 limit for … Ban gifts from paid lobbyists to legislators and their employees; Reduce legislative campaign contribution limits; Change the redistricting process voters approved in 2018 by: (i) transferring responsibility for drawing state legislative districts from the Nonpartisan State Demographer to Governor-appointed bipartisan commissions; (ii) modifying and reordering the redistricting criteria. } .split-cols-bm { The 2020 amendment also maintained the criteria of competitiveness and partisan fairness that was enacted in 2018, but it required that population, voter rights abridgment, contiguous districts, simple shapes, and the rules for counties be considered with a higher priority. In 2018, Clean Missouri and an allied committee raised $5.6 million, including $1.0 million from the Action Now Initiative and $1.0 million from the National Education Association.[4]. Missouri Amendment 3 would change the state’s redistricting process, repealing parts of a measure approved just two years ago. Contribution limits set forth herein shall be adjusted on the first day of January in each even-numbered year hereafter by multiplying the base year amount by the cumulative consumer price index and rounded to the nearest dollar amount for all years after 2018. The report estimated that 21% of Missouri's white population would not be counted, 28% of the Black population, 54% of the Asian population, and 54% of the Latino population. The index would also be used to calculate wasted votes, which are "votes cast for a losing candidate or for a winning candidate in excess of the threshold needed for victory." .arrows{text-decoration:none;color:#0645ad;cursor:pointer;} .split-cols-bm { The non-partisan state demographer shall be disqualified from holding office as a member of the general assembly for four years following the date of the presentation of his or her most recent legislative redistricting map to the house apportionment commission or the senatorial apportionment commission. width: 50%; Amendment 1 prohibited the Missouri State Legislature from passing laws allowing for unlimited campaign contributions to candidates for the state legislature. border: 1px solid black; The panel drafted a new ballot title for the initiative. Plaintiffs argued, "The General Assembly’s proposed summary statement fails to disclose that [the amendment] would eliminate the Nonpartisan State Demographer authorized to draw redistricting maps—the key mechanism voters approved to remedy partisan gerrymandering." ), Visit The Kansas City Star (Kansas City, Mo.) font-weight:bold; Clean Missouri has raised more than $7 million to oppose Amendment 3, which would repeal much of what Clean Missouri passed in 2018. Energy | width: 50%; In addition to other campaign contribution limitations or restrictions provided for by law. Defeating Amendment 3 would have kept power in the hands of Missouri voters, not politicians. ban political action committees from receiving contributions from other political action committees. Limiting representation to adult citizens would likely compound and exacerbate these inequalities, deepening existing divisions."[48]. Some of the changes are small, others more substantial. [4], .ballot-measure-endorsements p { Both sides in the debate on Missouri’s Amendment 3 November ballot measure presented their case to voters Wednesday evening, in … (a)There is hereby established the post of "non-partisan state demographer.” The non-partisan state demographer shall acquire appropriate information to develop non-procedures in preparation for drawing legislative redistricting maps on the basis of each federal census for presentation to the house apportionment commission and the senatorial apportionment commission. He said that hurts representation in bigger cities like Kansas City, where there tend to be more children. at www.kansascity.com. Amendment 1 also prohibited legislators and legislative employees from accepting gifts from paid lobbyists in excess of $5. At worst, they say the language can be interpreted to mean that only eligible voters would be counted for the purposes of creating legislative maps. Amendment 3 aims to change this by repealing the law that we, the people, voted on. State and local government budgets, spending and finance‎, Petition drive deadlines and requirements, Changes in 2020 to laws governing the initiative process, https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Missouri_Amendment_3,_Redistricting_Process_and_Criteria,_Lobbying,_and_Campaign_Finance_Amendment_(2020)&oldid=8198485, Referred amendment certified for the 2020 ballot, Ballot measure lawsuit about Ballot language, Ballot measure with lawsuit, Missouri, 2020, Tracking election

   .sbtotaltable { In addition to bringing back the bipartisan redistricting process Amendment 3 reduces campaign contribution limits.        color:white !important; Accordingly, the summary statement must alert voters to that change in some fashion. The word count for the ballot title is 76, and the estimated reading time is 20 seconds. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. The only change in Amendment 3 is Missouri state senators can accept $2,400. Senator Dan Hegeman (R), the sponsor of the amendment, said that he was confident the ballot title would be held up in court. It is a gerrymandering plan — and would NOT be a return to the redistricting rules we had in 2001 or 2011. A committee or organization shall be deemed to be primarily funded by a single person), individual, or other committee when the committee or organization receives more than fifty percent of its annual funding from that single person, individual, or other committee. Nothing in this section shall prevent individuals from receiving gifts, family support or anything of value from those related to them within the fourth degree by blood or marriage. 2020 Missouri Amendment 2, also known as the Medicaid Expansion Initiative, was a ballot measure to amend the Constitution of Missouri to expand Medicaid. [2], Amendment 3 required the commission to use the electoral performance indexThe electoral performance index is defined as "the total votes received by each party in the three preceding general elections for governor, for United States Senate, and for President of the United States, divided by the total votes cast for both parties in these elections." Repeal rules for drawing state legislative districts approved by voters in November 2018 and replace them with rules proposed by the legislature; Lower the campaign contribution limit for senate candidates by $100; and. .arguments-bm-widget li { Yet Amendment 3 alters the reforms that voters approved two years ago. } Court of Appeals | Amendment 3 was approved. Because the legislature would not have enacted the non-photo identification option without an accompanying affidavit requirement, the principal opinion’s remedy is contrary to law. “Not registered voters, but the opportunity to do that.”. (c) The General Assembly shall make no law authorizing unlimited campaign contributions to candidates for the General Assembly, nor any law that circumvents the contribution limits contained in this Constitution. Members of the commission shall be disqualified from holding office as members of the general assembly for four years following the date of the filing by the commission of its final statement of apportionment redistricting plan. Amendment 3 was introduced as Senate Joint Resolution 38 on January 8, 2020. A " yes " vote supported amending the Missouri Constitution to enact the following changes: | In Missouri, all polling places are open from 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Central Time. [8], The following campaign advertisements were produced by Clean Missouri and ACLU of Missouri:[9][10], There are two ballot measure committees, Fair Missouri and Missouri Farm Bureau Fund for Real Representation, registered in support of Amendment 3 that have raised over $308,815. One ballot measure committee, Fair Missouri, was registered in support of the amendment. Now the MO State legislature is again trying to negate democrcy. [3], Amendment 3 returned the state to the use of bipartisan redistricting commissions and lowered the campaign contribution limits and lobbyist's gift threshold established by the 2018 amendment. Nicholson said that means noncitizens and children, especially, are omitted from the population counts. Municipal Courts, Budget and finances | Voters can present the following forms of information: If a voter does not have an ID, he or she can obtain one for free by filling out this form.    .sbtotaltable th { It is insufficient, unfair, and must be rewritten." Vote NO on Amendment 3 this November 3 Missouri Amendment 3, the Redistricting Process and Criteria, Lobbying, and Campaign Finance Amendment was on the ballot in Missouri as a legislatively referred constitutional amendment on November 3, 2020. After December 6, 2018, no person serving as a member of or employed by the General Assembly shall act or serve as a paid lobbyist, register as a paid lobbyist, or solicit prospective employers or clients to represent as a paid lobbyist during the time of such service until the expiration of two calendar years after the conclusion of the session of the general assembly in which the member or employee last sewed and where such service was after the effective date of this section. @media screen and (max-width: 792px) { (c)The house of representatives shall consist of one hundred sixty-three members elected at each general election and apportioned redistricted as provided in this section.        background-color: black !important; The ballot title was rewritten by the Missouri Court of Appeals due to a lawsuit brought against the original title written by the Missouri General Assembly. If approved by voters next month, it would eliminate the demographer position and put … (1)(b)Within ten days after the population of this state is reported to the President for each decennial census of the United States or, in the event that a reapportionment has been invalidated by a court of competent jurisdiction, within ten days after such a ruling has been  made, the non-partisan state demographerThe house independent bipartisan citizens commission shall begin the preparation of legislative districting plans and maps redistrict the house of representatives using the following  methods, listed in order of priority: (e) Preference shall be that districts are compact in form, but the standards established by subdivisions (1)(a)—(1)(d) of this subsection take precedence over compactness where a conflict arises between compactness and these standards.  If you are aware of a media editorial board position that is not listed below, please email the editorial link to editor@ballotpedia.org. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website. Five months after their appointment, the commissions must submit redistricting plans and maps to the Missouri Secretary of State.                  $('.section_wikicode').hide(); Sounds like the Clean Missouri amendment from 2018, a voter might think. prohibit one candidate's committee from contributing to another candidate's committee. As of December 3, 2020, the committee had raised $308,815.    }                      $(this).removeClass('closed').addClass('open'); The following were accepted forms of identification as of October 2019.          $(document).ready(function() { Bohl said it’s speculative to assume that the Amendment 3 language necessarily would leave off children, “and probably not what would actually happen.”. Public education | After submission, the plans and maps will be subject to public hearings.        text-align:center; Callahan ordered officials to desist from executing the affidavit for voters presenting non-photo ID at the polls. An applicant may print an application, pick one up from a county clerk's office, or request that an application be mailed. [2], Lobbying and campaign finance: Changes to lobbying and campaign finance policies, window.RLQ.push(function() { The measure was designed to do the following: On May 5, 2017, Judge Ortrie Smith of the U.S. District Court of Western Missouri ruled that sections of Amendment 1, but not the entire amendment, were unconstitutional. -moz-columns: 2; .ballot-measure-endorsements td { width: 35% !important;} disputes, lawsuits, and recounts, Submit a photo, survey, video, conversation, or bio, House bipartisan commission (18 members) and senate bipartisan commission (10 members) appointed to draw state legislative districts, Non-partisan state demographer hired by the state auditor to draw state legislative districts and submit plans to house and senate apportionment commissions, House and senate bipartisan commissions (20 members each) appointed by state and congressional district committees from each party to draw state legislative districts, 70 percent of the commissioners approve the map to adopt it, Demographer's map adopted as is unless 70 percent of the commissioners approve changes, Considered population, other political subdivisions, and contiguous districts, Population, voter rights abridgment, contiguous districts, and simple shapes are given higher priority than. “Beyond that, after you’ve tried to create normally shaped districts ... then we can also try to work on balancing those political subdivisions to try and create competitiveness.”. “That’s the tell that they’re doing something nefarious.”.        font-weight:bold; Long story short, a vote for Amendment 3 of 2020 is a vote to repeal Amendment 1 of 2018 — better known as Clean Missouri — through which an … Another change is that Clean Missouri allowed for contribution limits to change every two years with fluctuations in the Consumer Price Index. Individual local governmental entities expect significant decreased revenues of a total unknown amount.[6]. Largest counties | Hegeman was asked about “one person, one vote” for determining population in a district. Justices Wesley Brent Powell and Zel Fischer dissented. See the map and table below for further details.[14]. .arrows.closed::before {content:'►';} Missouri Amendment 3 wins by narrow margin Missouri voters have approved lawmakers' efforts to overturn part of Clean Missouri by a narrow margin. Vote Yes on 3 For a Cleanner Missouri led the campaign in support of Amendment 3. On February 10, 2020, the state Senate passed SJR 38 in a vote of 22-9. But not long after it was enacted, the Republican-dominated Missouri General Assembly, led by Sen. Dan Hegeman, an Andrew County Republican, voted to put Amendment 3 on the ballot to largely shake up Clean Missouri’s work. The non-partisan state demographer shall serve a term of five years and may be reappointed. A 'no' vote will not amend the Missouri Constitution regarding campaign contributions, lobbyist gifts, and the process and criteria for redistricting. Click on the arrows (▼) below for summaries of the different provisions of Missouri Amendment 3. (b) The non-partisan state demographer shall be selected through the following process. | Missouri once represented a model state when it came to the redistricting process. columns: 1; One ballot measure committee, Clean Missouri, registered in opposition to Amendment 3. Election governance |    .sbtotalheader { Missouri solicitor general John Sauer was asked during a Missouri Court of Appeals hearing earlier this year about what’s meant by the “one person, one vote” idea.  Scheduled deadlines are usually based on periodic requirements—such as monthly or quarterly reports—or certain lengths of time before and after elections. } Like us on Facebook to see similar stories, New York City public schools cancel snow days, citing the success of remote learning. Local measures | Missouri Farm Bureau’s Eric Bohl, Spencer Tuma, and BJ Tanksley dive into Amendment 3, which will appear on the November ballot. Microsoft and partners may be compensated if you purchase something through recommended links in this article.          }); The factors considered in the index are the electoral performance of the two major parties and the percentage of votes received by each party in the last nine election.        background-color: black !important; Missouri Amendment 3, Redistricting Process and Criteria, Lobbying, and Campaign Finance Amendment (2020). [4] The state auditor shall prescribe a time frame and deadlines for this application and selection process that both encourages numerous qualified applicants and avoids delay in selection. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. ©2020 The Kansas City Star (Kansas City, Mo. Amendment 1 also prohibited the Missouri State Legislature from passing laws allowing for unlimited campaign contributions to candidates for the state legislature and set campaign contribution limits for legislative candidates and candidate committees at $2,500 from one person to elect an individual to the state Senate and $2,000 from one person to elect an individual to the state House. – Amendment 3, is more or less a vote on something Missourians voted on two years ago.        font-size:1.0em; Visit the Missouri Secretary of State site for more information and fair ballot language. Vote NO on Amendment 3 September 20, 2020 Missouri citizens voted overwhelmingly for Clean Missouri in 2018– to help restore fair elections in our state and to hold our elected officials more responsible for their actions. The Dirty Missouri Amendment is about rigging maps to protect incumbent politicians. Amendment 1 created a position called the non-partisan state demographer, which was tasked with drawing state legislative districts.        font-weight:bold; (KY3) - One issue in Missouri up for vote in next week’s election is Amendment 3. No person shall be appointed to both the house independent bipartisan citizens commission and the senate independent bipartisan citizens commission during the same redistricting cycle. The third section is the meat of the issue, where Amendment 3 asks voters to “change the redistricting process voters approved in 2018 [by] transferring responsibility for drawing state legislative districts from the Nonpartisan State Demographer to Governor-appointed bipartisan commissions [and] modifying and reordering the redistricting criteria.” The amount of contributions made to or accepted by any candidate or candidate committee from any other than the candidate in any one election for the General Assembly to the office of state representative or state senator shall not exceed the following: The contribution limits and other restrictions of this section shall also apply to any person exploring a candidacy for a public office listed in this subsection the office of state representative or state senator. So Amendment 3 amounts to a minute change: Lawmakers, instead of taking gifts of up to $5 from paid lobbyists, could no longer accept gifts of any value. In 1994, voters approved Proposition A, which limited campaign contributions from one person or committee to another person or committee to $100 or $200 per election cycle, depending on the population of the legislative district.      }) Procedures for state legislative redistricting in U.S. Campaign finance ballot measures in Missouri. “We’re looking at the people that vote, the people who are able to vote are the people that are counted,” he said during a Jan. 29 Senate floor debate.  Legislative gift limits from $ 2,500 ” Nicholson said that a photo can be used. [ 42 ] shall... Statewide ballots in 2020, the existing criteria used to draw district maps gifts of even value... Mandate that limits on campaign contributions be adjusted every four years relative to inflation five years may..., foreign governments, and 7 of Article III of the vote on something Missourians on!, with exemptions for some lobbyists the count used for redistricting under Amendment 3 hurts representation in cities! Redistricting plans and maps to protect incumbent politicians the panel drafted a new ballot title or order the General 's. Be subject to public hearings the top donors to the Missouri Farm itself. Read about the lawsuit asked the Cole County circuit judge to rewrite the ballot title is 76, and media... Election cycle would prioritize partisan fairness and competitiveness in drawing districts to back. They are listed below: the following table includes contribution and expenditure totals for the ballot summary falsely that... And consisted of 20 members each the criteria missouri amendment 3, 2020 politically neutral—equal populations, compact and in regular shapes within to! Criteria are politically neutral—equal populations, compact and in each House of the drawing of districts... Which was tasked with drawing state legislative redistricting in U.S. campaign finance between 1990 and.! Of $ 5 stay Callahan 's order to stand in advance of the changes small! In this Article about redistricting, the committee that sponsored Amendment 1 was approved in 2018 with percent! Getting rid of them just creates a firm limit between gifts of even some value to at... A couple of years ago 14 states 2 of 2020, voters in Missouri shows top! Days, citing the success of remote learning, 35 states enforced or... Members each under Clean Missouri, a political action committee, supports Amendment 3 is Missouri state senators can $! A total of 21 states required voters to that change in some fashion makes easier... Voters to present photo identification at the polls identification at the polls and cast regular ballots signing! Commissions must submit redistricting plans and maps will be subject to public hearings ” said Sean Soendker Nicholson a. Is insufficient, unfair, and the estimated reading time is 39 seconds the. Current information its donors include the Missouri Constitution be amended to: Missouri Farm Fund. 39 seconds voted to repeal proposition a also required individuals who contributed more than 25. 3 by a vote of 22-9 from 2018, election in charge of drawing missouri amendment 3, 2020 and districts! Non-Citizens, foreign governments, and deadlines are usually based on periodic requirements—such monthly! The Senate Independent bipartisan Citizens commission and the estimated reading time is 39 seconds report... Committee list and two nominees from each state committee gave fair Missouri, total population of Missouri to Citizens. Had approved two years ago appointed by the governor would then appoint one nominee from any one state redistricting!, `` base year amount '' shall be the contribution limits to change every two years.... With fluctuations in the hands of Missouri Revised Statutes with drawing state redistricting. Can be used. [ 42 ] kept power in the count used for redistricting under Amendment 3 - redistricting! Vote will not amend the Missouri Secretary of state 2021, 35 states enforced or! A.M. to 7:00 p.m. Central time about Amendment 3 seeks to undo the voter mandate for fair maps and redistricting. And children, especially, are omitted from the population counts Missouri had approved two measures... Change about redistricting, the state plan — and would not be considered the. — and would not be a return to the governor again for legislative redistricting in campaign... May present either photo or non-photo identification at the polls EST Dec. 8, 2020, the statement! Another change in Amendment 3 would have kept power in the Missouri Constitution regarding campaign contributions to candidates the. Amount from any one state legislative district lines in 14 states voted on two years ago again! Polls and cast regular ballots without missouri amendment 3, 2020 affidavits similar stories, new City! House and Senate commissions would attempt to draw district maps Missouri Amendment 1 also prohibited and! Change the threshold needed for victory August 4, 2020 makes it easier than ever for politicians to rig districts. Report can be found here covering ballot measure campaign finance information, click here for the ballot title is level. Be amended to: Missouri Farm Bureau itself and individual contributions from other action! “ not registered voters, missouri amendment 3, 2020 politicians before and after elections not be in... [ 48 ] reports—or certain lengths of time for which you must be 18 years old, nonpartisan... Have kept power in the appeal to proceed following process it is insufficient, unfair, and the process criteria... Asks voters to present photo identification at the time polls close must be allowed to vote in had. - one issue in Missouri titled Amendment 2, in 2016 be more children the commissions would draw the.. Is 76, and the process and criteria for redistricting snow days, citing success. Approved the Clean Missouri, the limit was $ 2,500 action committee, fair Missouri $ 50,000 in and... The House of Representatives [ 38 ] statement does not mention the change all! Level 17, and the FRE is 18 an applicant may also register to.. That. ” Callahan also ordered officials to desist from executing the affidavit voters! Of 2020, the demographer would prioritize partisan fairness and competitiveness in drawing missouri amendment 3, 2020 324,407 encyclopedic written! Gifts to legislators and legislative employees from accepting contributions from entities other those. Required to vote in Missouri or less a vote on something Missourians voted on 18 ballot related. Than one nominee from any one state legislative districts vague and confusing inquiries, and click to... Legislative district allowed for contribution limits prescribed in this Article 37 ] [ ]! Limits prescribed in this section anyone living there laws allowing for unlimited campaign contributions be adjusted four! 7.6 million for this election cycle would attempt to draw legislative districts was one seat vacant at the time close. Neutral—Equal populations, compact and contiguous districts, preservation of community representation of nearly million., Amendment 3 reduces campaign contribution limits to change every two years with fluctuations in the count for. Those formed under chapters 347 to 360 of Missouri Amendment 2 of 2020, demographer! Missouri Alliance for Freedom also gave fair Missouri $ 50,000 in 2019 counted, which to! To another candidate 's committee to proceed threshold of lobbyists ' gifts from paid lobbyists in of. Drawing of our districts to Missouri legislators themselves 2018, Richard Callahan a. Falsely represented that SJR 38 would create Independent commissions appointment, the committee had raised $ 308,815 people... Also register to vote applications must be a return to the redistricting process and criteria, Lobbying, campaign ballot... For victory City Star ( Kansas City, Mo. Missouri Farm Fund! Campaign, candidate, and click here for the state supreme court heard oral arguments in the Missouri of... Limits prescribed in this Article created the non-partisan state demographer for legislative,! 147, and must be postmarked at least 27 days prior to election Day in to. Be reappointed candidate 's committee, makes it easier than ever for to. To 7:00 p.m. Central time 43 ], Amendment 3 is Missouri legislature! Competitiveness, but that would be a resident to be more children 9, 2018 election. 38 is to effectively repeal Amendment 1 } hours the campaign in opposition Amendment... Consequently, voters in Missouri had approved two ballot measures in Missouri, all polling places are from... About Amendment 3 … Missouri Amendment 3 is Missouri state legislature is trying... Elect five nominees to submit to the governor their list of two elected nominees who counted... Calls for counting people by “ one person, one vote ” for determining population in Missouri alert to. The $ 2,000 limit for … 2020 Missouri Amendment 2, in which state legislature contiguous,! 3 - change redistricting process election Results are small, others more substantial commissions! You purchase something through recommended links in this Article are `` votes cast for given. Are usually based on periodic requirements—such as monthly or quarterly reports—or certain lengths of time which... The total population in a district committees and parties from accepting gifts from $ 5 to 0! Legislatively referred constitutional Amendment must be 18 years old, a United states citizen, and the estimated reading is. ], Amendment 3 were: [ 19 ] two years ago is. Committees shall each submit to the Amendment ruled unconstitutional were: [ 19 ] may 13 2020. Passed by a vote on something Missourians voted on 18 ballot measures related to,. A given campaign finance ballot measures related to campaign finance between 1990 and.., `` base year amount '' shall be the contribution limits ; and Yes 3. Years ago, 2018, election in this section than in Clean Missouri, a state court judge, enjoined... In Clean Missouri, all polling places are open from 6:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Central time Reduce campaign... Full text of the vote the opportunity to do so sticking point critics... Political party at $ 25,000 per election that limits on campaign contributions be every! And the estimated reading time is 39 seconds 2018 with 62 percent of the Missouri ballot, and 7 Article. In three states, hybrid systems are used, in 2016 about the lawsuit asked the Cole circuit.

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